Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cyst With Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Case Report.

Bronchogenic cysts are rare in adults and often remain undetected until discovered incidentally on imaging or during a symptomatic investigation. The possibility of superior vena cava (SVC) compression due to a bronchogenic cyst arises in complex patient presentations. SVC syndrome poses several unique challenges due to the wide range of clinical symptoms and difficulty identifying the cause when symptoms first manifest. This case report examines a 39-year-old male who presented with symptoms resulting from SVC compression caused by a bronchogenic cyst, leading to SVC syndrome. We discuss the various imaging modalities used to assess the severity of the obstruction and the surgical interventions employed to alleviate the symptoms. A surgical intervention provides symptomatic relief and promises an excellent prognosis when performed without complications.

Calidad farmacéutica de tabletas de metronidazol y cápsulas de amoxicilina disponibles en el mercado hondureño / Pharmaceutical quality of tablets of metronidazole and capsules of amoxicilin available in the honduran market

INTRODUCCIÓN: el metronidazol, antiparasitario y antimicrobiano, y la amoxicilina, aminopenicilina de amplio espectro, son medicamentos de amplio uso. OBJETIVOS: determinar la calidad farmacéutica de formulaciones de administración oral disponibles en el mercado hondureño, en la ciudad de Tegucigalpa. MÉTODOS: se analizaron productos de cinco marcas de comprimidos de metronidazol 500 mg y cápsulas de amoxicilina 500 mg, respectivamente, todas ellas dentro de su período de validez de uso. Se evaluaron las propiedades tecnológicas y químicas de las tabletas y cápsulas, tales como peso pro-medio, dureza, valoración, uniformidad de contenido, ensayo de disolución, perfil de disolución, área bajo la curva y eficiencia de la disolución. RESULTADOS: no todas las especialidades medicinales contenían la información sobre las condiciones de almacenamiento, respecto a la temperatura, luz y humedad, declarados en los rótulos y prospectos. De acuerdo a la evaluación tecnológica y química, todos los productos evaluados cumplieron con las especificaciones de la farmacopea. Sin embargo, existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los productos según las pruebas de disolución in vitro. La liberación del metronidazol se ajustó al modelo de Hixson Crowell, mientras que la de amoxicilina, en dos formulaciones se ajustó al modelo de Higuchi, y en el resto al modelo de Hixson-Crowell. CONCLUSIONES: se sugiere la necesidad de una mayor vigilancia a los medicamentos que se comercializan en el país con el fin de verificar el cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad.

INTRODUCTION: metronidazole, an antiparasitic and antimicrobial, and amoxicillin, a broad-spectrum aminopenicillin, are widely used drugs. Aims: to determine the pharmaceutical quality of oral administration formulations available in the Honduran market, in the city of Tegucigalpa. METHODS: products from five brand of metronidazole tablets (500 mg) and amoxicillin capsules (500 mg) were analyzed, respectively, all of them within their period of validity of use. For this, the technological, chemical and chemical properties of the tablets and capsules were evaluated, such as average weight, hardness, evaluation of active principle, uniformity of content, dissolution test, dis-solution profile, area under curve and dissolution efficiency. RESULTS: not all medicinal specialties contained information on storage conditions, regarding temperature, light and humidity, stated on the labels and leaflets. According to the technological and chemical evaluation, all the evaluated products satisfied the specifications of the pharmacopeia. However, there are statistically significant differences between the products according to in vitro dissolution tests. The release of metronidazole was adjusted to the Hixson-Crowell model, while that of amoxicillin, in two formulations was adjusted to the Higuchi model, and in the rest to the Hix-son-Crowell model. CONCLUSIONS: The need for greater surveillance of the drugs that are marketed in the country is suggested, in order to verify compliance with quality standards.

Importance of the Carville-style bacteriologic examination in the recognition of inapparent diffuse lepromatous leprosy

The authors stress the importance of the Crville type of bacteriologic examination for the diagnosis of the diffuse cases of lepromatous leprosy, difficult to interpret. This method consists of a systematic and symmetric search for bacilli in certain parts - forehead, earlobes, cheeks, chin, arms, forearms, elbows, abdomen, buttocks, thighs, kness and legs - with or without lesions. In several hundreds of lepromatous patients there were found 17 cases of the inapparent diffuse lepromatous form which were verified bu this kind of examination in spite of the absence of typical cutaneous lesions.